政策法规现行有效美国跨境陆运

§ 396.3 Inspection, repair, and maintenance.

效力	法规类型	发布日期	生效日期	发文机构
现行有效	部门规章	2026-06-22	2026-07-22	Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) - Transportation (Title 49)

发布06-22

生效07-22

摘要总结AI 辅助解读

本法规（49 CFR § 396.3）规定了美国境内所有汽车承运人（Motor Carrier）和多式联运设备提供商（Intermodal Equipment Provider, IEP）对车辆及设备的系统性检查、维修和维护义务。核心要求包括：确保部件处于安全状态，巴士紧急出口每90天检查一次；建立并保存详细的车辆识别、维护计划及执行记录；IEP需对其向承运人交付的设备负责。记录需在车辆停放或维护地保留1年，并在车辆脱离控制后继续保留6个月。该规定直接影响跨境陆运中卡车及集装箱底盘车的合规性审查与单证准备。

(a) General. Every motor carrier and intermodal equipment provider must systematically inspect, repair, and maintain, or cause to be systematically inspected, repaired, and maintained, all motor vehicles and intermodal equipment subject to its control.

- (1) Parts and accessories shall be in safe and proper operating condition at all times. These include those specified in part 393 of this subchapter and any additional parts and accessories which may affect safety of operation, including but not limited to, frame and frame assemblies, suspension systems, axles and attaching parts, wheels and rims, and steering systems.

- (2) Pushout windows, emergency doors, and emergency door marking lights in buses shall be inspected at least every 90 days.

(b) Required records. Motor carriers, except for a private motor carrier of passengers (nonbusiness), must maintain, or cause to be maintained, records for each motor vehicle they control for 30 consecutive days. Intermodal equipment providers must maintain or cause to be maintained, records for each unit of intermodal equipment they tender or intend to tender to a motor carrier. These records must include:

- (1) An identification of the vehicle including company number, if so marked, make, serial number, year, and tire size. In addition, if the motor vehicle is not owned by the motor carrier, the record shall identify the name of the person furnishing the vehicle;

- (2) A means to indicate the nature and due date of the various inspection and maintenance operations to be performed;

- (3) A record of inspection, repairs, and maintenance indicating their date and nature; and

- (4) A record of tests conducted on pushout windows, emergency doors, and emergency door marking lights on buses.

(c) Record retention. The records required by this section shall be retained where the vehicle is either housed or maintained for a period of 1 year and for 6 months after the motor vehicle leaves the motor carrier's control.

[44 FR 38526, July 2, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 55868, Dec. 16, 1983; 53 FR 18058, May 19, 1988; 59 FR 8753, Feb. 23, 1994; 59 FR 60324, Nov. 23, 1994; 73 FR 75824, Dec. 17, 2008]