政策法规现行有效美国跨境陆运

§ 391.2 General exceptions.

效力	法规类型	发布日期	生效日期	发文机构
现行有效	部门规章	2026-02-19	2026-03-23	Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) - Transportation (Title 49)

发布02-19

生效03-23

摘要总结AI 辅助解读

本法规为美国联邦法规第49篇（交通）中关于商业机动车驾驶员资格认证（Part 391）的通用例外条款。它明确界定了五类特定场景下的驾驶员豁免情形：定制农业作业、养蜂业季节性运输、非铰接式农用车辆驾驶、受保护的农用车辆（Covered Farm Vehicles）以及管道焊接卡车。这些豁免主要免除了除§391.15(e)和(f)之外的常规资格认证要求，旨在平衡农业及特定工业领域的运营灵活性与安全监管。对于涉及跨境陆运或在美国境内从事相关特种货物运输的企业，需严格核实车辆类型与作业性质是否符合上述定义，以规避合规风险。

(a) Farm custom operation. The rules in this part, except for § 391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a driver who drives a commercial motor vehicle controlled and operated by a person engaged in custom-harvesting operations, if the commercial motor vehicle is used to—

- (1) Transport farm machinery, supplies, or both, to or from a farm for custom-harvesting operations on a farm; or

- (2) Transport custom-harvested crops to storage or market.

(b) Apiarian industries. The rules in this part, except for § 391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a driver who is operating a commercial motor vehicle controlled and operated by a beekeeper engaged in the seasonal transportation of bees.
(c) Certain farm vehicle drivers. The rules in this part, except for § 391.15(e) and (f), do not apply to a farm vehicle driver except a farm vehicle driver who drives an articulated (combination) commercial motor vehicle, as defined in § 390.5 of this chapter. For limited exemptions for farm vehicle drivers of articulated commercial motor vehicles, see § 391.67.
(d) Covered farm vehicles. The rules in part 391, Subpart E—Physical Qualifications and Examinations—do not apply to drivers of “covered farm vehicles,” as defined in 49 CFR 390.5.
(e) Pipeline welding trucks. The rules in this part do not apply to drivers of “pipeline welding trucks” as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b).

[76 FR 75487, Dec. 2, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 16195, Mar. 14, 2013; 78 FR 58483, Sept. 24, 2013; 81 FR 47720, July 22, 2016]