政策法规现行有效美国跨境陆运

§ 390.403 Lease and interchange requirements.

效力	法规类型	发布日期	生效日期	发文机构
现行有效	部门规章	2026-04-30	2026-04-30	Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) - Transportation (Title 49)

发布04-30

生效04-30

摘要总结AI 辅助解读

本规定针对美国客运商业机动车（CMV）的租赁与互换设定严格合规要求。自2021年1月1日起，除紧急替代车辆可延迟48小时签署书面协议外，承运人必须持有符合特定条款的租赁合同或互换协议方可运营。合同须明确车辆VIN、双方USDOT编号、起止时间地点及排他性控制权责任。副本需随车携带，且双方须存档至少1年。违规将导致执法风险及责任认定困难。

Beginning on January 1, 2021, and except as provided in § 390.401(b) of this section, a motor carrier may transport passengers in a leased or interchanged commercial motor vehicle only under the following conditions:

(a) In general —(1) Lease or agreement required. There shall be in effect either:
(i) A lease granting the use of the passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle and meeting the conditions of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. The provisions of the lease shall be adhered to and performed by the lessee; or

- (ii) An agreement meeting the conditions of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section and governing the interchange of passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicles between motor carriers of passengers conducting service on a route or series of routes. The provisions of the interchange agreement shall be adhered to and performed by the lessee.

- (2) Exception. When an event occurs ( e.g., a crash, the vehicle is disabled) that requires a motor carrier of passengers immediately to obtain a replacement vehicle from another motor carrier of passengers, the two carriers may postpone the writing of the lease or written agreement for the replacement vehicle for up to 48 hours after the time the lessee takes exclusive possession and control of the replacement vehicle. However, during that 48-hour period, until the lease or agreement is written and provided to the driver, the driver must carry, and produce upon demand of an enforcement official, a document signed and dated by the lessee's driver or available company official stating: “[Carrier A, USDOT number, telephone number] has leased this vehicle to [Carrier B, USDOT number, telephone number] pursuant to 49 CFR 390.403(a)(2).”

(b) Contents of the lease. The lease or interchange agreement required by paragraph (a) of this section shall contain:

- (1) Vehicle identification information. The name of the vehicle manufacturer, the year of manufacture, and at least the last 6 digits of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) of each passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle transferred between motor carriers pursuant to the lease or interchange agreement.

- (2) Parties. The legal name, USDOT number, and telephone number of the motor carrier providing passenger transportation in a commercial motor vehicle (lessee) and the legal name, USDOT number, and telephone number of the motor carrier providing the equipment (lessor), and signatures of both parties or their authorized representatives.

- (3) Specific duration. The time and date when, and the location where, the lease or interchange agreement begins and ends.

- (4) Exclusive possession and responsibilities. (i) A clear statement that the motor carrier obtaining the passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle (the lessee) has exclusive possession, control, and use of the passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle for the duration of the agreement, and assumes complete responsibility for operation of the vehicle and compliance with all applicable Federal regulations for the duration of the agreement.

- (ii) In the event of a sublease between motor carriers, all of the requirements of this section shall apply to a sublease.

(c) Copies of the lease. A copy shall be on the passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle during the period of the lease or interchange agreement, and both the lessee and lessor shall retain a copy of the lease or interchange agreement for 1 year after the expiration date.