政策法规现行有效美国跨境陆运

§ 390.3T General applicability.

效力	法规类型	发布日期	生效日期	发文机构
现行有效	部门规章	2026-04-30	2026-04-30	Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) - Transportation (Title 49)

发布04-30

生效04-30

摘要总结AI 辅助解读

本条款确立了美国联邦机动车安全法规（FMCSRs）的适用范围。核心规定包括：所有从事州际商业运输的雇主、员工及商用车辆均受管辖；强制要求雇主熟知并遵守法规，驾驶员须接受培训并合规操作；明确豁免校车、政府运输、非营利9-15座客运等特定场景；同时规定危险品州内运输及多式联运设备提供商需遵循部分特定章节。该规则是判定跨境陆运主体是否具备合规资格的基础法律依据。

(a)(1) The rules in this subchapter are applicable to all employers, employees, and commercial motor vehicles that transport property or passengers in interstate commerce.

- (2) The rules in 49 CFR 386.12(c) and 390.6 prohibiting the coercion of drivers of commercial motor vehicles operating in interstate commerce:

(i) To violate certain safety regulations are applicable to all motor carriers, shippers, receivers, and transportation intermediaries; and

- (ii) To violate certain commercial regulations are applicable to all operators of commercial motor vehicles.

(b) The rules in part 383 of this chapter, Commercial Driver's License Standards; Requirements and Penalties, are applicable to every person who operates a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in § 383.5 of this subchapter, in interstate or intrastate commerce and to all employers of such persons.
(c) The rules in part 387 of this chapter, Minimum Levels of Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers, are applicable to motor carriers as provided in § 387.3 or § 387.27 of this subchapter.
(d) Additional requirements. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit an employer from requiring and enforcing more stringent requirements relating to safety of operation and employee safety and health.
(e) Knowledge of and compliance with the regulations. (1) Every employer shall be knowledgeable of and comply with all regulations contained in this subchapter which are applicable to that motor carrier's operations.

- (2) Every driver and employee shall be instructed regarding, and shall comply with, all applicable regulations contained in this subchapter.

- (3) All motor vehicle equipment and accessories required by this subchapter shall be maintained in compliance with all applicable performance and design criteria set forth in this subchapter.

(f) Exceptions. Unless otherwise specifically provided, the rules in this subchapter do not apply to—

- (1) All school bus operations as defined in § 390.5T, except for §§ 391.15(e) and (f), 392.15, 392.80, and 392.82 of this chapter;

- (2) Transportation performed by the Federal government, a State, or any political subdivision of a State, or an agency established under a compact between States that has been approved by the Congress of the United States;

- (3) The occasional transportation of personal property by individuals not for compensation nor in the furtherance of a commercial enterprise;

- (4) The transportation of human corpses or sick and injured persons;

- (5) The operation of fire trucks and rescue vehicles while involved in emergency and related operations;

- (6) The operation of commercial motor vehicles designed or used to transport between 9 and 15 passengers (including the driver), not for direct compensation, provided the vehicle does not otherwise meet the definition of a commercial motor vehicle, except that motor carriers and drivers operating such vehicles are required to comply with §§ 390.15, 390.19T, 390.21T(a) and (b)(2), 391.15(e) and (f), 392.80 and 392.82 of this chapter.

- (7) Either a driver of a commercial motor vehicle used primarily in the transportation of propane winter heating fuel or a driver of a motor vehicle used to respond to a pipeline emergency, if such regulations would prevent the driver from responding to an emergency condition requiring immediate response as defined in § 390.5T.

(g) Motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate commerce. The rules in the following provisions of this subchapter apply to motor carriers that transport hazardous materials in intrastate commerce and to the motor vehicles that transport hazardous materials in intrastate commerce:

- (1) Part 385, subparts A and E, of this chapter for carriers subject to the requirements of § 385.403 of this chapter.

- (2) Part 386 of this chapter, Rules of practice for motor carrier, broker, freight forwarder, and hazardous materials proceedings.

- (3) Part 387 of this chapter, Minimum Levels of Financial Responsibility for Motor Carriers, to the extent provided in § 387.3 of this chapter.

- (4) Section 390.19T, Motor carrier identification report, and § 390.21T, Marking of CMVs, for carriers subject to the requirements of § 385.403 of this chapter. Intrastate motor carriers operating prior to January 1, 2005, are excepted from § 390.19T(a)(1).

(h) Intermodal equipment providers. The rules in the following provisions of this subchapter apply to intermodal equipment providers:

- (1) Subpart F, Intermodal Equipment Providers, of part 385 of this chapter, Safety Fitness Procedures.

- (2) Part 386 of this chapter, Rules of Practice for Motor Carrier, Intermodal Equipment Provider, Broker, Freight Forwarder, and Hazardous Materials Proceedings.

- (3) This part, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations; General, except § 390.15(b) concerning accident registers.

- (4) Part 393 of this chapter, Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation.

- (5) Part 396 of this chapter, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance.

[82 FR 5310, Jan. 17, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 22877, May 17, 2018; 86 FR 55743, Oct. 7, 2021; 86 FR 57072, Oct. 14, 2021]