政策法规现行有效美国危险品合规

§ 173.465 Type A packaging tests.

效力	法规类型	发布日期	生效日期	发文机构
现行有效	部门规章	2026-08-07	2026-09-08	Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) - Transportation (Title 49)

发布08-07

生效09-08

摘要总结AI 辅助解读

该条款规定了美国49 CFR下A型包装（Type A packaging）用于放射性物质运输时的性能测试标准。核心要求包括：包装需通过喷水、自由跌落、堆码和穿透四项测试，且通常可使用同一原型进行所有测试。其中，喷水测试模拟每小时5厘米降雨量持续至少1小时；自由跌落高度依据包装质量分级设定（如<5000kg为1.2米）；堆码测试需承受相当于最大重量5倍或13kPa投影面积压力的载荷至少24小时；穿透测试使用6kg半球端钢棒从1米高度落下。建议相关方核实测试流程是否符合§ 173.412(j)的成功判定标准。

(a) The packaging, with contents, must be capable of withstanding the water spray, free drop, stacking and penetration tests prescribed in this section. One prototype may be used for all tests if the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section are met. The tests are successful if the requirements of § 173.412(j) are met.
(b) Water spray test. The water spray test must precede each test or test sequence prescribed in this section. The water spray test must simulate exposure to rainfall of approximately 5 cm (2 inches) per hour for at least one hour. The time interval between the end of the water spray test and the beginning of the next test must be such that the water has soaked in to the maximum extent without appreciable drying of the exterior of the specimen. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, this interval may be assumed to be two hours if the water spray is applied from four different directions simultaneously. However, no time interval may elapse if the water spray is applied from each of the four directions consecutively.
(c) Free drop test. The specimen must drop onto the target so as to suffer maximum damage to the safety features being tested, and:

- (1) The height of the drop measured from the lowest point of the specimen to the upper surface of the target may not be less than the distance specified in table 10, for the applicable package mass. The target must be as specified in § 173.465(c)(5). Table 10 is as follows:

Table 10—Free Drop Distance for Testing Packages to Normal Conditions of Transport Package mass Kilograms (pounds) Free drop distance Meters (Feet) <Mass 5000 (11,000) 1.2 (4) 5,000 (11,000) Mass to 10,000 (22,000) 0.9 (3) 10,000 (22,000) Mass to 15,000 (33,000) 0.6 (2) >15,000 (33,000) Mass 0.3 (1)

- (2) For packages containing fissile material, the free drop test specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section must be preceded by a free drop from a height of 0.3 m (1 foot) on each corner, or in the case of cylindrical packages, onto each of the quarters of each rim.

- (3) For fiberboard or wood rectangular packages with a mass of 50 kg (110 pounds) or less, a separate specimen must be subjected to a free drop onto each corner from a height of 0.3 m (1 foot).

- (4) For cylindrical fiberboard packages with a mass of 100 kg (220 pounds) or less, a separate specimen must be subjected to a free drop onto each of the quarters of each rim from a height of 0.3 m (1 foot).

- (5) The target for the free drop test must be a flat, horizontal surface of such mass and rigidity that any increase in its resistance to displacement or deformation upon impact by the specimen would not significantly increase the damage to the specimen.

(d) Stacking test. (1) The specimen must be subjected for a period of at least 24 hours to a compressive load equivalent to the greater of the following:
(i) A total weight equal to five times the maximum weight of the package; or

- (ii) The equivalent of 13 kilopascals (1.9 psi) multiplied by the vertically projected area of the package.

- (2) The compressive load must be applied uniformly to two opposite sides of the specimen, one of which must be the base on which the package would normally rest.

(e) Penetration test. For the penetration test, the specimen must be placed on a rigid, flat, horizontal surface that will not move significantly while the test is being performed.

- (1) A bar of 3.2 cm (1.25 inches) in diameter with a hemispherical end and a mass of 6 kg (13.2 pounds) must be dropped and directed to fall with its longitudinal axis vertical, onto the center of the weakest part of the specimen, so that, if it penetrates far enough, it will hit the containment system. The bar may not be significantly deformed by the test; and

- (2) The height of the drop of the bar measured from its lower end to the intended point of impact on the upper surface of the specimen must be 1 m (3.3 feet) or greater.

[Amdt. 173-244, 60 FR 50307, Sept. 28, 1995, as amended by Amdt. 173-244, 61 FR 20753, May 8, 1996; 66 FR 45380, Aug. 28, 2001; 69 FR 3692, Jan. 26, 2004; 70 FR 56099, Sept. 23, 2005; 79 FR 40617, July 11, 2014]