§ 545.1 Interpretation of Shipping Act of 1984—Refusal to negotiate with shippers' associations.
发布05-18
生效05-18
摘要总结AI 辅助解读
本法规明确美国联邦海事委员会（FMC）对《1984年航运法》的解释：禁止公共承运人或班轮公会要求托运人协会在签订服务合同前或谈判过程中，必须向美国司法部申请“商业审查函”（Business Review Letter）。此举旨在消除承运人对托运人集体谈判的不合理阻碍，保障托运人协会依据反垄断豁免权进行正常商业谈判的权利。该规定直接规范了海运服务合同的缔约程序与合规边界。
- (a) 46 U.S.C. 40502 authorizes ocean common carriers and agreements between or among ocean common carriers to enter into a service contract with a shippers' association, subject to the requirements of the Shipping Act of 1984 (“Act”). 46 U.S.C. 41104(a)(10) prohibits carriers from unreasonably refusing to deal or negotiate. 46 U.S.C. 40307(a)(3) exempts from the antitrust laws any activity within the scope of the Act, undertaken with a reasonable basis to conclude that it is pursuant to a filed and effective agreement.
- (b) The Federal Maritime Commission interprets these provisions to establish that a common carrier or conference may not require a shippers' association to obtain or apply for a Business Review Letter from the Department of Justice prior to or as part of a service contract negotiation process.
[53 FR 43698, Oct. 28, 1988. Redesignated and amended at 64 FR 7813, Feb. 17, 1999; 64 FR 9922, Mar. 1, 1999; 74 FR 50732, Oct. 1, 2009; 85 FR 9684, Feb. 20, 2020]